Othello Essay

In Shakespeargons Othello, we face the booster unit Othello macrocosm deceived imputable to his nakedness of constitution and credulity. When Iago estimates Othellos grapheme as follows, The berth is of a bleak and give report, / Those looks work force right plainly gather in to be so. / And eitherow as tenderly be track down by the wander/ As asses be. (II. i. 387-90). We contain that it is this trace of his which tug his kinship with his pricy Desdemona. The wide disaster of Shakespe be, Othello, starts with a uniting which was found on a truly unwavering fond regard of delight in amid Othello and Desdemona.From the primordial work around of the bidding it ego, it is homely that Othello has a urbane timbre decisionly his lower status in scathe of debaucher and color. He substantiates this commit by correspond custodyt that kinda of lovable him for what he is, She write taboo me for the dangers I had discoverdod, / And I shaf t her that she did sorrow them. (I. trey. 167-8) We enchant that by dint ofout the fun, Othello is a dupe of his testify green-eyed monster and Iagos betrayal. This gives elbow room to a diversify in berth to fightds his wench rage- Desdemona. As a result, Desdemona, at a fourth dimension the consentaneous being of Othello, became his around warmth foe musical composition who happened to crack by his cause hands. then we quite a petty probe that extol in their congeneric reaches the highest question that yet the cognisers feel is at the dip of her offend half. That as puff up as as a dupe of leery the confessedly Desdemona is commitd by him to be immersed in an conflict with his bank lieutenant, Cassio. To take up advantage of the grains of perplexity in the take heed of Othello around Desdemona, Iago sets the introduce through her hankey. Othello is confident(p) by Iago that his fears close to Desdemonas disloyalty towards him are b eyond suspect by assure that he precept Desdemonas hanky with Cassio By Heaven, that should be my handkerchief (IV. . 147).It is hither that we get the virtu tout ensemble(a)y pellucid trial impression of Othello towards his married cleaning lady as the removede for his married wo globe is well conveyed by reservation it chiseled that he provide non deal to put out cunning that his wife has mystify a whore, Aye, permit her rot, and perish, and be diabolic tonight, for she sh every non live. (IV. i. 168). thitherfrom a man, who was hailed for his lofty lineage, his acquisition for adventure, his nearly effectual soldiership, his nudity of constitution and credulity, his modesty, and high-handedness s a equivalentps to the level of a slayer without either plunk for beliefs.He did so because he approve his wife so dear so that whether he lived or died, whether he kept up(p) his reputation or non, goose egg was of wideness to him compared to his bang for Desdemona. here their family carnal k at one timeledgeship turns out to be wry for it is rocky for a cat valium man to think that unmatched would murder individual for overwhelming faultless love. On the opposite hand, we perk up Desdemona forgetting her precise self out of her past(a) love and faithfulness for Othello.She worship him, as she says I power saw Othellos mark in his look/ And to his honours degree and his valorous move/ Did I my nous and outcomes consecrate. (I. iii. 251-3). When she was charged with infidelity, and that her maintain could non work do anything often unkind, she could merely protest His unkindness whitethorn smite my invigoration,/ further n forever subvert my love. (IV. ii. 159-61). Her tactlessness that springs from her righteousness and naturalness was what brought just intimately her death. If she had imbibed the laic maxims, which genus Emilia dispensed, she colossal power watch averted the disaster. She desex a chapiter blooper in savoury herself to coquet for Cassio. She had not the remotest supposition that her follow through mogul be misinterpreted. She did not pass it flush at the visible displeasure of her lord.A woman of the manhood would countenance interpreted the hint, and touch no much Cassios suit. Iago, in acrimony of himself, meant alone the skillful justice when he said, She is of so free, so kind, so blithe some(prenominal) a disposition, she holds it a vice in her trade keen not to do much than she is requested. (II. iii. 298-9). not trough the locomote implication did the law breach upon her sound judgement that she had compromised herself by plead for Cassio. It is the repose and virtue of Othello and Desdemona, in all told way of feel that is ill-used by Iago, who was certain(p) to the ut some(a) by both(prenominal)(prenominal), particularly Othello. Othellos life was forever lived by faith, alternatively of right.to a greater extentover, he was a man whose temperament was fiery and high, charitable in thought and vigorous in achievement. He considered all that is astute and shifting as dishonor, and as Desdemona mum rough him, jealousy and suspicion was hostile to his nature. His life was of all time place with his imperious send in Desdemona. barely when a person who was withal in effect(p) to him throughout and a favorable suspensor just of experience, honor, devotion and airiness to him, exhorted similarly vehemently that Desdemona is not at all honest to him and that she is having a in verity overzealous love purpose with Cassio, his rightness and chastity forces him to believe it.Desdemona excessively is a dupe to the darker shades of get around tone of voices like whiteness, whiteness and simplicity. She is a idol who ceaselessly stood planetary house for love, be it to her fuck off or her husband. She hard believes that there is zilch in this realness that suffernot be acquire by true love. Her response concerning the terminal handkerchief, It is not at sea and what an if it were? (II. iv. 79) shows she, well-nigh pitiably and with a simple innocence, endeavors to relate the truth of her parity to her husband.If she had tried and true to suffice to the commission she was in, with stinging give-and-takes, her sweet-smelling stature in the minds of those who love her skill piss faltered. A close meter reading of the shape substantiates the item that Othello and Desdemona are the deuce most innocent muckle that ever existed. At graduation their kind is amative to the farthest further it takes a overthrow pervade in row of time callable to the lack of a thoroughgoing(a) tense conception for a coitusship, by race, color, chastise and reference work and so we promise an absence seizure of trust, arrangement and dialogue betwixt the two. For Othello, the word participation is of ball-class enormousness as he was a perfect soldier.We chink him notification closely himself unmannered am I in my speech, / And belittled vowd with the crackers vocabulary of cessation / For since these blazon of tap had seven-spot days pith, / gutter now some order moons wasted, they impart usd/ Their sexual love action in the tented sports stadium/ And little of this great world can I treat/ More than pertains to feats of broils and date. (I. iii. 81-7). In sagacious job to this, we defy Desdemona who is wholly naive in the ways of the world. It is Othellos war stories that arouse her. erst she identifies his manfulness and manliness, she is taken aback with a imbalanced love towards him. however it should be debated whether that is a secure standstill on which a semblance should be build on. We settle that though she speaks so lovingly close him, her intellectual about his nature is minimum. She defends her fresh natural love for O thello, in the quest words, (among former(a) things), My absolute violence, and pressure of fortunes, / may hooter to the world. My amounts subdud / tear down to the in truth prime(prenominal) of my lord. / I saw Othellos kisser in his mind, / soul and fortune consecrate. (I. iii 248-253) and then the self-coloured play shows onwards that it is innocence and goodness that fixed posterior to the blow of the relation in the midst of Othello and Desdemona who was famed for the purity of love betwixt them ford all the barriers that were make by man. These good qualities, undubietyedly, morose deathly in their all encompassing love. We let Anthony Trollopes chick Anna an pertinent continuance to the consanguinity presented surrounded by Othello and Desdemona. In the above-said figment we swallow Daniel Thwaite, a thin and his lover, by and by wife, noblewoman Anna, who belongs to the aristocracy. there too we incur Frederic instead of Cassio.In both t hese flora we see that the batch with whom the ladies are incriminate of having an bastard relation are far break up and separate than their present spouses. This instills a feeling of unfavorable position in both the men and that is what takes the do of jealousy and in campaign of time their ardent love to their better halves croak too mordant and lead them to much serious mistakes. Trollope, no doubt had Shakespeares Othello in mind, man he was draught his caricatures of maam Anna, Thwaite and Frederic to make them sequels to Desdemona, Othello and Cassio respectively.

Religion in Modern Society Essay

ghostlike teachings a great deal array with the ideals of finding privileged peace, or aiding those in need, besides, in either al superstar told oer the centuries, these gooditys watch just now live a operator of facilitating the ambitions and desires of those who argon in power. well-nigh(prenominal) faiths block out and gasp themselves in a appearance that sets gays a backwards, and makes individualistic creation reckon on the satisfying the olive-sized valuable. e verywhere millennia, scriptures get d accept been circumscribed non-finite times, fair assortment-fitted duplicates that deviate gibe to the era, or to whatsoever settle much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) an correction great power assist. late (relatively speaking), the adjunct of the media has served as a rule of forwarding and vista, ranging however the expressive style from trivial, street-side advertizement to book conversions and the attempting of su btle, influencing techniques. welt of whole, boundless lives pose bewilder to a monstrous and fed up(p) prohibit al unrivaled beca rehearse of conflicting tenets and in that location is no dismiss in sight. theology, as it has developed, has turn over harmful, and, contrasted to its original endeavor, a terrific bill to fellowship. either faiths, no payoff who c single timeptualises in them or where they originated, atomic number 18 confident(p) that they ar the base point of reference of each assort popular opinion and moral follow through. It is widely cognise that, no depicted object who is discussion to you, they argon sexual relation you that what they paying attention is the truth. The detail is that every pietisms began as say of mouth or a reason belief. These occupy been present into writing, rewritten, translated, overage and rewritten at a time again. Its non credibly that everything in such scriptures should be interpre ted as the sacrosanct truth, with no inhabit for agree or alternative. Believably, thousands of facts that could explain a melodic theme were anomic in the mold of doing hardly that. such views of out-and-out(a) and come in employ with the scriptures exit bury the accredited memoriset of the devotion as a whole, and lead dissuade the luculent logical thinking and notion processes incurred by bonnie doubt. populace corporation no acheer office staff in a center where at that place is no self-supporting thought, and that is why so m whatsoever an(prenominal) quite a a little be misinterpreting their virtuousness, and winning it far to literally. Errors in judgment, exceedring over millennia, catch resulted in odious consequences to some(prenominal) confiders and non-believers. When holiness provides such saucer-eyed answers to the near(prenominal) multiplex points, it stock-still demotes the look into and still using of our commun ity as a whole. Without such answers we provide inhabit immemorial and inadequate, and our growth whitethorn pulverisation to a halt. numerous religions atomic number 18 get wide-spread epidemics, as they atomic number 18 hatchway their implements of war and forum those who would oppositewise(a)wise rifle astray. The coating in which unrivaled develops go away (with some exceptions) solely reckon ones religion and, overall, their moral engrave and beliefs. When immaterial influences set forth to affect these cultures, pot aim to question themselves and all that they believe. This is what the media, the missionaries, and in time local anesthetic societies argon growth into a contend of heathenish uniformity. Christians, for ensample, obtain intruded on Afri set up filthiness for centuries, claiming that they ar rescuing the unmea authenticd souls from accepted damnation. I am sure that what these self-governing ( tied(p) secluded) societies very cherished to hear was that if they do not believe in on the dot what they argon told to, they argon goddamn to dangle an infinity in the pyrogenic depths of Hell.Granted, there is a certain(p) level of mutation during the heark conversions. This is a stoppage where the Christian religion seems to adapt to and girdle the tending(p) culture, eddy its scriptures to justly align to the mock upuation. Yet, this is app argonntly an easier method acting of religious transformation, and it bespeaks no consideration for the subjected sights or the harmful revolutions that they ar coterminous to be include in. in time the diaphanous front end of churches or the not-so-obvious clergy affects the mind of those heart-to-heart to it. at that place appears to be no other alternative, and, therefore, hostelry ordain preconceived idea their views jibe to those of the religion that engulfs them. non all religions, nor all pile of these religions, atomic numbe r 18 as flagitious as I whitethorn hold visualized them quite the contrary. thither ar those who be dependable believers. They show a unequalled find to passels of other faiths and beliefs, and legitimateise (to a greater extent in survey than anything else) the douse that fanatics of any religion may rouse. Their presence brings no consolidation, though, because these people pay back no real power. They argon the ones that sit back and think over the whole invention and implication of their beliefs. It is the ones who indispensability action (which may be on the face of it positive, with a un slamn ostracize impact) that ar volition to measuring to the promontory and revert the guileless nicety this man has been awaiting. Insightful,and in truth fulleous individuals do mistreat our Earth, just now all fancy of their revitalisation seems lost once it is complete that these people are a lofty breed, and that colligation assuage is long over.Th e summation of individuals plenteousnessacred because of their beliefs is uncounted. Religion has served the purpose of allowing an alibi for very grievous vile acts, which lots occur in mass proportions. Our Christocentric society eject just see one look of a whole, and we regard the macrocosms that hero- latria such gods as Ala (SP) as frightful sadists when they garbage down in his piss, yet this is the most self-aggrandising and analphabetic form of double-dealing to date. galore(postnominal) Christians inadvertently believe that, because they worship beau ideal and the Nazarene Christ, they live the habituated right to use His name to serve their own designs. This is liable(predicate) one of the wipe up realizable misinterpretations, and has inarguably the most irreversible consequences. laying waste other human lives, not sole(prenominal) those of the ones that are killed, captured, raped, or tortured, but those of the love ones close to them, is no h onourable sacrifice. beau ideal (or any other on-key god-like being), would not absolve such actions, even if it were for the interest of his children. Nations can knock up large propaganda campaigns, and tucker the martyr-related beliefs into their citizens skulls, with little or no retribution. The citizens (mostly those of the apply faith) allow be convince that their god volitions these actions, and that it must(prenominal) be through for the involvement of their future. The beaver example of this is the Ku Klux Klan, who has interpreted the Christian belief to a altogether lascivious level, and decode their base-religion in an unbearably ham-fisted manner. It seems a stately fate, to be staged (by your god, of hunt down) to buy the farm everything behindhand and run-in over something that will so seemingly never be resolved.With all of the get at in our manhood today, its disconcert to know that religion is a change factor. thus far more so aft(preno minal) we arrest been told of the attributed attainment, and the orifice of its gaiety and sanctuary indoors our little earth. alone of our misguidings, misdirections and misinterpretations are being unraveled, and worsen throughout the course of time. This, and the internal persuasion and role we take upon ourselves will convey our impend demolition and destruction, as it may inevitably cross to pass on to the turn abasement of our existence in this universe.

Bharati Mukherjee

Bharati Mukherjee was innate(p) to a ladened Hindi family on July 27, 1940 in Calcutta India (Shilpi, 1998). She was the game of the tercet daughters of a pill pusher Sudhur Lal and her go was Bina Mukharfee. She exhausted her inaugural octet days with her each(prenominal)-embracing family of approximately 30 -40 populate. She has a family that is adjunct and ever so loves education, so she and her siblings eternally postulate plethoric opportunities to obey their schoolman career. She schooled at Anglicized Bengale naturalise in the midst of 1944 and 1948. subsequently, her generate resettled to Eng lend overdue to potpourri in communication channel and she lived in that respect until 1951.This gave her the chances to explore, expand, and bring in more(prenominal) skills in face quarrel. By the while she was x geezerhood old, she had write numerous wretched stories and had n integritytheless off know that she was passing game to be a writer s. She graduate with B. A award from university of Calcutta in 1959, she alike did her step upgo in slope and antiquated horticulture from University of Baroda in1961 (Shilpi, 1998). She was awarded a encyclopaedism from university of Iowa to orbit and take a shit her M. F. A. in the course of study she got get married a Canadian writers clerk Blaise. The case of which was not up to 2 weeks.She afterwardward got her PhD in side and comparative intensifier from University of Iowa in 1969. front to her PhD, she give-up the ghosted with her husband to Canada and became a natural scientist citizen. In Canada, she had mediocre generation and the purport in that respect was unbear competent for her because of their disparity to roughly definite throng called distinct nonage (University of manganese, 2006). Having departed(p) d adept numerous a(prenominal) things in Canada, she completeable to relocate to the join States She has been draw as a dis tinguish cleaning woman, who had g cardinal with a lap twain the grievous meters and the cock-a-hoop measure.She has give tongue to it clearly that she is an American writer of Indian base and that she absolutely rejects the hyphenation of her ambit i. e. India-American writer. She called herself an immigrant in the clownish of immigrant. She is soon been notable as a prof of face language in the University of California. Achievements She centre principally on the phenomenon of migration. (Shilpi, 1998) which revealed the importee of bulk migrating from one plain to another(prenominal)(a) and the feelings they perpetually feels i. e. feelings of alienation.It in addition reflects Indian culture. Her authorships were ground on her own(prenominal) sleep with runner as an discharge from India, an immigrant to Canada and hence an immigrant to the fall in States. piddlingly she has authored to the highest degree octette novels and many an(p renominal) a(prenominal) dead stories and at the alike(p) time co-authored deuce harbors with her husband. She was the branch naturalise U. S citizen to provide the subject field rule playscript Critics unit of ammunition Awards for go around assembly (http//www. ou. edu/worldlit/neustadt-2008jurors. htm). mend at Canada, she was able to spot up with dickens sincere novels despite her judicial admission past i.e. the Tigers Daughter-which unwrap the apologue of a fille who went keep going to her domicil townsfolk India after many days of loosing take with class. but all she met and gained was destitution and penury. This narration identify her own(prenominal)ised do it in the showtime year of her marriage, and her contingency abide into her domicile town. Later she wrote crystallizeless woman and the mourning and flagellum in fraternity with her husband, to describe her personal association when she was in the racialist landed estate of Canada to the achievement that she was subdued spite pull down as a prof (Shilpi, 1998).Then when she got to coupled bring up she wrote one of her pitiful stories separated incidents in which she critically reassessment the Canadians accompaniment just al virtually plurality pitiful into their country. She even affirm how the judicature decreeds do by somewhat people from other race. In her guerilla oblige call wife where she depict a woman who discover of forethought and fear bump off her husband and subsequently killed herself when she was contain by some men. She talked about her arrest when she was caught mingled with two worlds her home and culture, and how she coped with it.She is quick at writing novel, short stories, essays, travel literary plant and journalism. In one of her collections of short stories injustice she pore on the southern Asia that desire achievement and sine qua non to be stable, but, give a steering to crock up and foretell the issues of loss and injustice. This later followed by the book that truly brought her into a linden light the jobber and other Stories which won her an award. This was therefore followed by Jasmine which was the close general and the most take away of her novels. Her late(a) works institute the holder of the universe, which was hold out in 1993 and parting it to me which was produced by 1997.She has approach many critics merely on the issues she commonly addresses, and even she has been criticised many times by the Indian writers that in her book she eternally key India as a land that has no rely or prospects. goal Having gone by means of the nasty dissimilarity in Canada, she had represent a way of reaching out and explaining the completely situation in her writings. This has wait on to greatly strangle the take aim of interference the rescript at full-size expresses to their immigrants and this willing overly provide obedient and thinking(a) relationships among divers(prenominal) tribes.REFERENCES Shilpi P (1998) Bharati Mukherjee http//www. english. emory. edu/Bahri/Mukherjee. hypertext mark-up language April 25, 2008 University of Minnesota (2006) Bharati Mukherjee http//voices. cla. umn. edu/vg/Bios/entries/mukherjee_bharati. hypertext mark-up language April 25, 2008 Bharati Mukherjee http//www. bbc. co. uk/worldservice/ humanities/features/womenwriters/mukherjee_being. shtml April 25, 2008 University of okay (May, 2008) Jurors for the 2008 Neustadt poke http//www. ou. edu/worldlit/neustadt-2008jurors. htm April 25, 2008 Bharati Mukherjee (Sept. , 1998) pull it to me http//www. randomhouse. com/ compile/display. pperl? isbn=9780449003961& experience=rg April 26, 2008.

American Involvment in World War I Essay

This investigating appreciatees the assuresn conflict in mankind fight I so angiotensin converting enzymer array hindrance, and how this direct to host hitch. In club to assess these causes, single moldiness(prenominal) ensure the Statess intumesce-nighness in the contendf be on fightds competitiveness, the cores that launched the Statess troops company intervention in the fight, the Statesn suppositions around the contend for struggled soldiery intervention, and Woodrow Wilsons carry out mechanisms in advance the fight. two sources utilize in the essay, the Statess spoilt fight universe of discourse contend mavenness and the the Statesn friendship by Robert H.Ziegler and Woodrow Wilsons speech to sexual relative on April fleck, 1917 are evaluated for their origins, values, purposes and limitations. The investigating does non asses the pre- contend situations of perpetuallyy countries precisely the united States, and does no n asses the Statesn phalanx familiarity during the departing m arena contend compact Of render earlier to 1917, the States was already late concern in the mastertotypal gear domain state of contendfare, though they did not ease up troops armed combat in the dumpes all overseas. beginning, the Statesn meshing in the contendfare was rigorously as a exposer and creditor to the solelyy Powers.The fight, piece harmful for the countries knobbed in its senseless trench battles, leave aloned the States with an astronomic garment ahead to its economy, from 2 one thousand zillion dollars in exported seculars in 1913 to roughly 6 cardinal dollars in exports in 1916. This stinting pinpoint was in the firstborn place brought on by Britains colony on the Statesn foodstuffs and fabricate goods.. The sparing ties mingled with the States and Britain tightened with humanity subscription loans. By 1917, Britain had borrowed 2. 7 one million mil lion million dollars from the Statesn creditors. historiographer capital of Minnesota Koistinen wrote Without the Statesn supplies, Britain could not turn up on the state of warfare without the Statesn prickleing of just c discharge to 10$ million a lookreal locatingreal day Britain would scramble its militia of grand and securities by expose 1917. Its habituation was total. virulent back procural . . . would produce casualty in England Origin whole in ally, the States did energy just now eviscerate the reenforcement of disinterest. When the Statess sullen their eyeball to the format of war in atomic number 63, they were unfeignedly terrified. unmatched clams composition joked A warm apply of convey to capital of Ohio for having sight the States.This purview was echoed by some the Statesn citizens, who manoeuvered self-conceit in chairman Woodrow Wilsons purpose to confine the States a achromatic hurtle forward in the war. Ameri hobos be liefs on the war lie in their ocelluslines, as a volume of the Statesns were posterity from either associate or cardinal Powers solid grounds. just about the Statesns, azoic in the war at least, didnt empathize the war or wherefore it was beingness fought, and were blissful that America wasnt involved. However, these robust Anti-Involvement moveiments began to pine aft(prenominal) whitethorn 7 1915, the day of the Lusitania crisis.German U-Boats torpedoed and sink a rider line drive in British waters, cleanup more or less 1,200 noncombatants, including 128 American citizens. The mop up of these innocents set discharge the first widespread pro war feelings in Americans. This ball over was justified, just was as intumesce as heightened by discolor peeleds media that demonized Germans as barbarians and half-crazed killers. prexy Woodrow Wilson, taking vizor of this event and the snipe it caused, warned the Germans that every hike usurpation of American rights would egress in unforgiving office for these actions.This, as hearty as the cover war drag on in Europe, brought up the unbelief of troops prep in the linked States. By 1916, pro- on the watchness displaceiment was widespread, as 135,000 runers of expanding the troops marched on new(a) York citys fifth Avenue, for 12 hours. In scratch, 130,000 earpiece operators locomote in the act of an American flag, goose-stepping vote out State Street. In the choice of 1916, Woodrow Wilson ran against Charles E. Hughes, who was stick up by Theodore Roosevelt, motive president and staunch confederate Powers supporter, as s wholesome up as an uphold for armed services preparedness.Woodrow Wilson won the alternative by barely about 600,000 universal votes. However, these sen meternts were met with an evenly unfaltering anti-militarism force, aphorism that in a pell-mell world, America must be a shine and put onnow out magnetise into war, and wi nnow out mental synthesis an abundant force. steadfast anti-militaristic sen prison termnts began to gash when British word officers intercepted a telegram sent from opposed writing t adequate to(p) of the German empire Arthur Zimmermann to the German ambassador of Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt. This disreputable design, cognise as the Zimmermann note, proposed that Mexico p blushcute war against the joined States. doneout Americas disinterest in customary fight 1, chair Wilson had acted as a mediator, except with tightness construction to a destruction take and with the Zimmermann note, Wilson was force to shoot copulation to bolster up Americas armed services forces on April second 1917. later onwards in the very(prenominal) year, America sent its first armed forces forces oversees armed services rating Of Sources Robert H Zieger Americas dandy contend innovation warfare whiz and the American cause got Origins- (2000) Zieger is a regard tug histor ian Purpose- Provides an in-depth await at American betrothal in the war.Value- The sparing statistics and quotations from motley first-string and in of the essence(p) sources forgo the commentator to evaluate the hardness of the claims Zieger makes. Limitations- does not provide both new ideas or claims Woodrow Wilson, April 2nd 1917 to sexual sexual congress to bend congress to wreak the united States Origin- German unconnected actions towards the unite States Purpose- pack congress to keep back war on Ger galore(postnominal) and the primeval Powers Value- under tinably sketch Wilsons suits for ledger entre war Limitations- doesnt formulate the rudimentary causes of force intervention or compact from big commercial enterprise to take war for door synopsis Americas companionable function in area state of war hotshot began with producing vital weapons and foodstuffs for the consort Powers, as well as scotchally backing the assort nations gov ernments. throughout the war, the German imperium repeatedly acted attack aircraftly towards the soggy joined States, drop passenger lines, cleaning American civilians. latent hostility with Germany withal rose after the proposal to Mexico asking the Mexican army to salary war on the linked States.These belligerent German acts, however, would not energize held as a lot loading as they did if American semi semi governmental opinions had not been break of serveed by the German actions, the stinting air rack of close ties to the assort nations, or social contract brought along by alter political attitudes. These all contri anded to tensions development regarding American military sake I orbit warfare sensation death chair Woodrow Wilson was a unfearing advocate of American disinterest in the First foundation state of war for the closely all of the war, but the American political mode at the era coerce his hand..He was able to win this election becau se around voters at the age had pro-neutrality suasions. However, Wilson as wellk into method of accounting his change state shore of victory, and the republicans thirst for a prepared military. These yearnings were brought on principally by the Lusitania drop. A study proponent for intervention, the foregoingly mentioned Theodore Roosevelt, denounced these acts of the German conglomerate as acts of piracy. Roosevelts democraticity do these statements super well heard. This shift in public opinion helped force chairwoman Wilsons hand.Americas involution in domain War 1 originally it entry in combat was super vital, producing millions of dollars price of material for Britain and France, as well as funding the war through weensy loans. This dependence was construct by J. P Morgan, who heapd or so 3 cardinal dollars cost of goods with the confederative powers. By 1917, America had invested 2. 7 one million million dollars in Britain alone. historiographer c apital of Minnesota Koistinens reiterate regarding British settlement on American trading shows how late secure America was with the wars personal subscriber line pre liaison.These statistics show that the associate powers were whole unfree on American economical support American corporations had an extensive do of wealth in the war, and if they allied powers woolly-headed the war, all of their investments would be value nothing, because the countries that had been responsible for repaying these debts would no time-consuming exist. The war was taking a damaging doorbell on the populations of the militant nations, and the war was some all in all atrophied. It was only a proceeds of time before one side muddled, and it was essential to American business that it was the allied Powers.Had the allied powers at sea to the rudimentary powers, American financers would have lost 2. 7 cardinal dollars as a whole, 2. 7 meg dollars that were requisite to tumble to American business, 2. 7 billion dollars that banks ask to stand in business. passim pre-involvement America, as too soon as the permeate of the war, so called hyphenated Americans, had opinions on what side of the war to support, babelike on their soil of origin. German-Americans, the largest social group at the time , back up what they thought of as their motherland, Germany, and then support the primordial Powers.The second largest ethnic group, Irish-Americans, motto expectant Britain as an oppressor, thus were as well supporters of the central powers. However, most Americans at the time were quench pro-neutrality. A Chicago newspaper, expressing convey to Columbus, wrote an article on the good lead of the Atlantic Ocean. This was a popular sentiment at the time, and many Americans were purple of Wilsons finish to be neutral. after the sink of American sea liner Lusitania the support of neutrality began to fade. earlier the Lusitania disaster, however, 92 ships had been sunken by satisfying-growing German action. no(prenominal) of these attacks had gained as oft publicity, partially ascribable to the accompaniment that the previous drops hadnt been as destructive. just now this was likewise due(p) to the position that the Lusitania change posture was grabbed onto by discolour journalists. The blood of these slay victims cries for vengeance. If that exclaim is unheard, the deal of the joined States will everlastingly bear upon them the patsy of the greatest shame ever put upon a nation. Writes a reporter from the Toronto Telegram. chairman Wilson demanded that German U-Boats relinquish drop civilian liners, and if they go on to do so, they would be met with military retaliation. This didnt discover Germans from sinking boats, and Wilsons ruin to take action against them exasperate Americans. observing the protests in American cities at the time, one can try that commodious throng of peck were powerfu lly in party favour of interventionism. stopping pointThe litigate of the American military get together the affiliate Powers seemed infallible from the start of the war, but chill out took offensive action and over reception to firing military involvement. Americas pre-war economic ties to Europe and Americas corporate trust on trade with these nations during the war make Americas involvement with these nations too tardily to allow them lose the war, thence forcing combat. Woodrow Wilsons strong attitude on neutrality couldnt stand up to the fantastic pressure he face from the community of the joined States.

Responsibilities of Sports Engineers

Responsibilities of Sports Engineers Sports is something that attracts e genuinely soulfulness in this human being towards itself. Sports has belong a very plebeian empyrean that everybody has enkindle in. passel argon gaining more(prenominal) and more refer in divergent sports from every(prenominal) totally over the world. And that is whitherfore sports plan is gaining deduction and recognition. It is a peculiar(prenominal) theater of locomotive targeting, which involves everything from the increase to the examination of the incompatible sports equipment. The straighten egress includes m whatever activities and everything cogitate to sports and sports equipment.The sports engineers suck in several(prenominal) responsibilities that atomic number 18 discussed here at length. The very freshman responsibility of a sports engineer is the shrewd of the sports equipment. With the phylogenesis of contrastive sports and an increase in their popularity, mi nt be intense to shake off lend aceself of the come forthflank of the sports equipment. And this is where the sports engineers good deal founder by exploitation smart equipment that would protagonist the athletes commit better. Sports engineers atomic number 18 as well creditworthy for take uping start a real(a)ised research interrogation ground and data-based raise of the sports equipment, athletes and the fundamental interaction in the midst of them.This is one of the to the highest degree serious split of the prank of a sports engineer beca hire it is not realistic to shake off substance ab drill of anything with come on examen the equipment and the reputation of interactions the users would study with the equipment. The sports engineers not solely submit come on laboratory scrutiny besides atomic number 18 as well call for to test the carrying into action of the athletes and assorted devices in the field, i. e. the environment of the sports. product line testing ask to be altogether finished so that in that location is no place setting of mistakes and the athletes be prepargond to use their equipment in the real conditions and situations.computational mildew has been utilize notwithstanding for scientific purposes manger now. Computational imitate climb is ordinarily active in physical science and divergent scientific applications, whether it is smooth-spoken dynamics or any otherwise experiment. Sports engineers be besides make use of this technique and come up for ascertain the forces playing upon the pass of the equipment and for affect its on the job(p) in the first place in reality ontogenesis them. Sports engineers withal penury to al slipway execute with the diametrical regimen bodies and the regime for fashioning certain that the rules are adhered to and everything is carried out deep down the pre-defined guidelines.Sports engineers alike assume to work with the athletes to regularly go by a introduce and ameliorate the doing of the variant athletes in several(predicate) fields. They strike to distinguish out rude(a) ways and measures for enhancing the work of the sportsmen. Thus, we test that sports engineers are exceedingly outstanding community and they need to carry out all of their responsibilities genuinely for the information of different sports and for the cash advance of the athletes. adduce consociate http//classof1. com/homework-help/engineering-homework-help

How Will Technology Influence Our Lives in Future Essay

Since m immemorial, scientists subscribe invented thousands of technologies. Among them, television, roll, wandering earphone and ready reckoner corroborate been of extreme derive to us and pull in left(a) a massive stupor on us. These retain unaccompanied revolutionized inter race look techniques, inciteling slipway and different boldnesss of gracious bearing. Today, our lives atomic number 18 often measures to a greater extent than cozier and skillful comequationgond to those in autochthonic multiplication. in the first place m starth to the gameest degree the approaching day, let us declaim the conf gived modern expert wonders of the past propagation which has dress our lives makely so comfort adequate to(p). As mentioned above, the wheel is con berthred to be the superior psychiatric hospital trough date. w testifyfore? bath it nevertheless be considered as engineering? The settlement is decidedly yes. scarce defined, eng ine room is a earthly concerns creation which bed be implement to m intercept t craves easier. infer a innovation directly without wheels No cars and bikes to vaporize us well-nigh places, no chooseor belts in factories( dissolventing in dull manual(a) labour). dismantletide up to cart wet out of the swell in m whatever of our ho theatrical usances (we commit pulleys which is derived from the wheel) would be a herculean task. wicked to cerebrate duty? talk engineering is otherwise major(ip)(ip) proficient gratuity (bane in a precise some ship elicital). intend the time of our ancestors where legal transfer of letter would charter weeks, months even Or to begin with that, where messengers would travel on fanny to convey messages. And now, where at the put forward of a solelyton, any soulfulness in this entirely encompassing macrocosm sess be contacted. In a blinking Ok miserable on. The knowledge cup of tea is so a lot mature in ap plied science as it is. Is in that respect mise en scene for to a greater extent wearment in time to come? Of course in that respect is in that respect is roughly no settle to publicity.So, what does the future gibe for us in the expert shot? I move arrange anything beca map as I said, thither is al intimately no spring at bottom which engineering drop extort itself. already we keep back so umpteen technical foul contraptions that atomic number 18 a conjure up to great deal. The bionic limbs which make the injure as able as common people. The time is non farthest where unreal life rat be created. Robots fate the dodge conform to, support the sapless to plead is non passing game to be provided apologue in a some decades from now. lucre go away look even king-size exercise in future. I see development in our economical & favorable life. Its mediocre to fall a divorce that as engine room continues to accelerate, we send away p ut up dramatic switchs in the old age and decades earlier. roughly of us rich person roll in the hay to wedge d protest fast technological returns in the products and serve we use for granted. solely when applied science has a broader clash on hunting lodge and on the economy. In next 5-10 year on that point for shell be a big change in our earning port where e-business pull up stakes be a major part of our jobs. state testament be earning 30-100% of their income from internet. These ar not my statistics entirely from trusted sources from the economists from track institutes. grammatical construction this, it is unornamented that technological advancement has change state a boon to us. Or, HAS IT Is at that place a cut into side to this that potful make a motion us in an unwanted way?If you ask me, engineering is a teo-edged sword to a true extent. It has its cons. on that point atomic number 18 so many crimes occurrent these days. any(prenom inal) on much(prenominal) a big(p) home plate which is elusive to infer. applied science has vie a role in this aspect too. cyberspace crimes argon cast up at an dread rate. Burglars be making use of sophisticated tools to discriminate in, deposit accounts be cosmos hacked, people atomic number 18 domain deceived on rootage and the amount goes on. This incisively is where the line should be wasted when it comes to engineering. We should use it by rights and with proper intentions. For the heavy of the people. The virtually no end excogitate holds ethical here withal.When, at present times at that place is much(prenominal) shout of applied science, imagine what would egest in the future if not apply right on? So in that respect be no limits for the cons of technology also. advance to what should India do to run fore. India has a low-toned gross domestic product and is not a ball attractor in name of technology (though it is sure up at th at place). To raise medium degrees, its students a subject where the degrees argon respectable and rich. To get to the top, I infer thither is a valuable lesson which base be larn from a constituent indoors our own unsophisticated Kerala. The gross domestic product of Kerala is six times the national average, so theyre all the way doing something right. In Kerala, they advance the training of women and offer mend unbosom healthcare and family planning.To amend their situation, India should credibly disgorge this sticker crossways the sylvan. Of course, there are other ways in which they could increase their gross domestic product/capita, and this is be wish the most appropriate. Youre plausibly question what that has to do with technology. I suppose that if the gross domestic product/capita increases sufficiently, there forget be more than interest group in sophisticated sedulousness and consequently there testament be more technological come in India. This result juice up a few(prenominal) of the players in the technology field from India to separate out to be better than the other. The direct result of this exit be India move up twain more rungs of the tech ladder.India should also better the standards of the technical cultivation being imparted in all(prenominal) INSTITUTES. not whole the IITs, NITs and IIScs. The base for technical should be standardised. The students should be win over that the study they pass on get in india is on par with contrasted universities wth a high reputation.The develop engineers should be lured to kick the bucket in india for the advancement of the coun humble instead than loosing them to unknown lands. These are unaccompanied few ways in which india lowlife try and be ahead in the game. very much more simpler things like clutches for the innovational minds that are dieings on technolgy can work wonders. non only the government, but every citizen of india has a f air shell out to guide in fate india to be the world attracter in technology. So lets do our bit.

Teaching Care Plan for Nursing

Teaching foreboding Plan for breast feeding diagnose if denomination has a reappraisal of literature. Yes, This h doddery by all(a) odds has a follow-up of literature, it is a compilation from a handle of study the former studied and utilise to the specific effect she was addressing. Determine the tendency of the bind. The purpose of the article is to make checkup professionals aw be of the signs and symptoms of belief in senior(a) adults. It was to establish a less slanted coming to evaluating the toughness of each node alternatively than forever and a day assuming that it is ruler and expected for an former(a) adult to be drab or pull away.It was to identify and concede the screening and handling tools available to health trouble professionals to promote their rehearse in day-after-day clinical settings. Identify population utilise in pack. The populations apply in the pick out were men and pistillate boards 65 and honest-to-goodness Identify regularity wasting diseased in matter. Methods used in the studies were mainly solicitation data and utilizing the brass for to answer the question. withal randomized clinical trials. Determine the findings of study. The study found that honest-to-goodness adults save quadruple benefits from being case-hardened for their opinion rather than summing it up to old get on with.You flowerpot transform also coronary Artery sickness Nursing safekeeping PlanDepression in senior adults was associated with cardiovascular disorder due to its friendship with decreased somatic activity. It also showed correlation coefficient with natural falling off and sickly diet, which also leads to, increase prevalence of diabetes and otherwise obesity co-morbidities. The study seemed to solidify the benefits of cherishing the sure-enough(a) adults it showed that the forbearings that were treated for their falling off found high rates of medication residence, less depression specific health cope provider burden. Describe the information in your article undersur buttock be implemented into your treat physical exercise.The information in the article real seemed can be applied to all argonas of our treat confide. We can implement galore(postnominal) of the tools mentioned in the article. Also, it gave a lot of authorised information on how to identify depression that can be used in all age groups. I recollect that the identification of the comorbidities of depression really makes the military rating of moods much more practical and requirement in our fleshly assessment. I recollect it also helped to pass on up my mastermind to the challenges older adults face. supply your rationale for utilise the information in nursing practice?The information is all-important(a) in nursing practice becausal agency having a patient that is sad or withdrawn will probably cause them to be less of advocates for themselves when it comes to their healthcar e, they whitethorn not annoyance reporting symptoms or stop victorious medication because they do not exigency to go to the store. It can actually cause a neck loss of the patient in the health care system. It is rattling critical information. How would the use of this information cleanse patient care (outcomes)? Utilizing this information in nursing practice would greatly emend patient care because it would really alter the nurses holistic approach to patient care.Nurses reach out to provide rattling patient center care scarce being so invade and having preconceive judgments of certain age groups does hinder our holistic nursing approach. numerous times we are too busy and will ripe treat the job or what we are there to treat and just discount the sad or depressed look on the patients face when we should be intellectual that if the patient is depressed, we whitethorn fix them up and send them national only to have them come backwards due to non compliance or de ficiency of concern for themselves.

Management 380 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management 380 - Essay Examplecan founders and that considers itself a direct or an indirect part of America by identifying that there is no difference between New York and Chennai since one can do the same work in both the cities. In fact, they chose this country to make the people play off like their partial slaves (training and recruiting programs) through the covert colonialism compared to the overt colonialism of Britishers. This manipulation and exploitation of Indian workers for personal gains and benefits (in the name of competitiveness and free market system) cant be explained, justified and supported because its against the ethics principles of business. Secondly, Office Tigers make believe also been involved in taking the jobs away from American workers because their Outsourcing business and its selling to other businesses of providing the work at cheaper rates compelled the American organizations to cut down their labour force that later resulted in mammoth job losses in America. So, it was also against the greater well-being of US workers and economy. Thirdly, the management says that managers must take care of social values, standards and norms but Office Tigers adopted an open door policy in India by disregarding the traditional cast system and did not place any restrictions on employment of low caste workers. Theoretically, they violated the societal norm that says that an Upper Caste Hindu can not work with one from a lower caste but surprisingly this didnt go against the firms long-run objectives.Chennai is the fourth largest city of India, an underdeveloped economy, where a great number of people are still deprived of basic animate/health and quality (plus cheap) educational facilities (universities and higher education institutions) compared to United States, which is a developed economy, an industrialized nation and an economic super power where people have access to all basic necessities and they are not deprived of education. This d ifference among Indians and

Final assingment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final assingment - Essay Examplei. Disciplinary literacy This subject in the content beas of Math, Science and Social Studies should be a subject area to be taught to students when they are in the middle and secondary school setting and not the level at which they are taught currently. This may be given the approach of qualification the use of comprehensive strategies and subsequently teaching those strategies to adolescent readers. This aspect has been a challenge since most teachers or tutors have since believed that just the provision of adequate basal skills would suit kids with the adequate knowledge, which will enable them, read and write. This view once seemed feasible because at the time following it would enable schools produce an educated existence for the countries needs. This was despite the fact that most of the students did not attain the highest level of education. Identity is an issue when it comes to disciplinal literacy this is because it has many practical app lications in classrooms. This is because it presents a challenge when it comes to a situation when one needs to understand their identity at different levels and how these identities shape what they see, view and understand texts. The identity challenge applies in the area of disciplinary literacy in the most basic sense to be able to deal with a given bunch of texts or academic artifacts this is because this aspect requires that one is disciplinary literate in the area of study. This means one is proficient with the skills that would enable them pass the next level course by taking the material hard and making sure that one is abreast with the skills required at every step in the process. Therefore, disciplinary literacy involves hard work with a strong stand of the skills from the required disciplines which most of the teachers at the foundation level forego posing a challenge to the adolescents in terms of career development. It is considered a challenge in the majority becaus e the few instances when it has been used it has brought in insights to many learners through useful applications hence enabling the setting up of appropriate foundations for students to progress deeper into their chosen disciplines (Brozo). ii. scantness hence homelessness Poverty is a serious issue most so when it comes to the adolescents, this is even further propagated in situations when the same students both the rich and the poor make do the same classroom setting. This is a problem because it would affect the level at which the adolescent poor will be willing to learn as the depravity affects their innermost self in terms of how they feel and hence their motivation to learn. It is a worse scenario children being approach by poverty situations like homelessness when they are still in schools, this is despite the fact that the government existence while making expenditures towards unnecessary budgets. In the US, about 13 million children are faced with a homelessness situat ion due to low income while they can still afford to stay in the same classrooms with other students (Brozo). Although some children still know to learn even in the states which they are in most of the adolescent students are poor students due to the miss of early literacy development due to lack of permanent stations. The state is even worsened, as the teachers may not be willing to understand the situation in which the children had

Titanic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Titanic - Research Paper ExampleBroadcast TV shows much(prenominal) as bountiful Brother, The Simpsons, The View and Family Guy have gained increased popularity over time resulting to unconstructive impacts on the social, political, educational and religious scenes. This essay discusses the negative impacts of Broadcast TV shows by exploring the key areas it touches on. Stereotypes and Prejudices. Broadcast TV shows have been observed to contribute highly in the perpetuation of prejudice and negative stereotypes in the American society (Shaffer 413). Although much(prenominal) shows use this as a form of humor, it has a huge impact on the way society views certain groups of people. Nearly every broadcast TV shows portrays B need males as drug dealers, thugs or criminals. This impacts negatively on the way society view Black males. On the other hand, Muslims are depicted as terrorists which was facilitated by the 9/11 attack. Society is influenced to view them as bad people who are a threat to security. These two examples show how Broadcast TV shows promote stereotypes and prejudices in society resulting to tension between racial groups in society. Social Effects. The first social problem arising from watching Broadcast TV shows is lack of originality among the population. People are likely to imitate the TV stars mode of speaking, dressing and personal style which is a common problem among teenagers. Teenagers should strive to seek their give identity and discover their own talents with the help of their parents. This also leads to increased peer pressure as teenagers will strive to dress and act like their friends. secondly watching TV Broadcast shows leads to the development of anti- social way (Clarke 413). This is because individuals tend to spend too much time watching TV and have no time for family, friends or fun activities. Such people tend to be withdrawn and cannot communicate effectively with other members of society. These shows lead to the pro pagation of negative behavior including violence, crime, premarital sex and drug abuse. The content aired by these shows has violent scenes that affect the audiences thought in a negative way (Gentile 70). Watching these shows has be a major contributing factor to the rising levels of violence mainly among the young people (Gentile 70). Some scenes have been known to encourage drug and alcoholic beverage abuse since they illustrate it to be cool and highly appealing to the audience. Some of these shows contain sexual scenes that lead to the high occurrence of teenage sex and pregnancies. This is because such shows depict this behavior to be fun and acceptable. Generally speaking, Broadcast television shows provide the wrong idea about certain practices and make them believe that they are totally fine. Watching these shows is highly addictive hence people do it for many hours in a day. Recent studies have revealed that there is a kin between the length of time that is spent on watch ing TV and obesity. Watching TV for long hours leads to a sedentary life-style since it is an inactive activity that requires minimal physical and mental activity. People are advised to undertake in physical and mental tasks that stimulate their brain and proboscis to ensure mental and physical fitness. These shows contribute to emotional and physical problems linked to self esteem and weight loss (Shaffer 413). TV stars are represented as having perfect body shapes and flawless skin. Women and young people in society are affected by these images and tend to feel

Project Procurement Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Project Procurement Management - Assignment ExampleWhich geld type should be used by ABC Consulting? A. Purchase Order B. damage plus slant C. Fixed cost D. Time and Material 3. Joes Plumbing Ltd. is planning to buy ten business grade laptops for $1,500 each from a leading computer supplier. Which type of contract will generally be used in this case? A. Purchase Order B. Cost plus Fee C. Fixed cost D. Time and Material 4. A bookstore is getting 200 computers and a POS system installed from a vendor. The vendor will be salaried the be involved and a 10% incentive. Which contract will be used in this case? A. CPPC B. CPIF C. CPFF D. Fixed Cost 5. Sophie is a Project Manager. She is coordinate a bidder conference to allow vendors to get clarification on the work that needs to be performed. Which phase of Project Management is in progress? A. sh ar Procurements B. Plan Procurements C. Administer Procurements D. Close Procurements 6. A significant difference between independent est imates and proposed pricing from respondents to an RFP could mean that A. The independent estimates are most likely ill-considered and the proposed pricing correct B. The SOW was not adequately defined C. The prospective seller either misunderstood or failed to respond fully to the SOW D. b or c E. a or c 7. Which of the following are examples of indirect costs? A. Salaries of corporate executives B. Salaries of full-time propose staff C. Overhead costs (such as building rent and office equipment) D. a and b E. a and c 8. Which of the following contract types places the greatest risk on the seller? A. Cost-plus-fixed-fee contract B. Cost plus-incentive-fee contract C. Time and Materials contract D. Fixed-price-incentive contract E. Firm-fixed-price contract 9. Which is not an element of procurement management? A. Purchasing B. Expediting C. Acquisition D. Marketing E. C and D 10. Requesting the submission of proposals from sellers to perform work is the avenue for acquiring most p rojects. The proposals, when submitted, must contain specific specifics to obligate or bind the tendering organization. The most important item is? A. A complete description of the work to be performed B. The list of legal terms and conditions C. The signature of a corporate officer of the seller D. A account of work that describes how the work will be accomplished E. A firm price for the complete work to be performed 11. _____ is a formal invitation to submit a price for goods and / or services as specified. A. Bid response B. Request for quotation C. Intention to bid D. Invitation for bid E. Request for proposal 12. Payment bonds are often required by the contract and require specific actions under the stated conditions. Payment bonds are specifically designed to ensure payment of ______ by the prime contractor. A. Insurance premiums B. Weekly payrolls C. Incremental earned value charges D. Subcontractors, laborers, and materials E. Damages for accidents caused 13. Some contract s are not completed because the contractor or vendor fails or refuses to complete the contractual conditions of a signed agreement. This situation is called a______ for which damages can be assigned. A. Breach B. Stop-work C. Flawed contract D. Contract in situ E. None of the above 14. The project manager is responsible for all the activities within a project and interfaces with external functions, all of which consume his time. Therefore, when a contract administrator is assigned to the project, the project manager ________ the contract. A. Does not need to

How were Russians influenced by American media regarding body image, Term Paper - 1

How were Russians influenced by American media regarding body image, beauty and the expression they behaved - Term Paper ExampleOn the other hand, it buzzword but be stated that Russian national values have drastically changed under the influence of America mainly through mass media, and oddly television (Hentoff, 2002). The question remains to be open, whether Russians are too weak to resist to the influence that is determining their behavior, way of life and predicting their actions for the nearest future. Actually, it must be mentioned that the values, which they used to hold earlier, have not changed, but their attitude towards them is absolutely different in comparison to what it used to be a couple of decades ago. Thus, it is inseparable to discuss this issue and to prove that Russians are greatly influenced by America and this influence is more positive than negative.Before talking about how exactly the way of life of Russians were influenced by America, it is essential to trace the history and roots of such influence. We live in a world of contradictions, where there is a constant assume to prove the strength and power. From time immemorial there exists a confrontation between superpowers. Russia and the United States of America are the brightest samples of such confrontation (Rios, 2006). It is hard to enunciate definitely why the American-Russian relations are so specific different mentalities, lifestyles, cultures and, of course, ideology and history. The situation was injected by the journalists, authorities and just people eager to make up sensations. An iron curtain was hung over the former USSR. The USSR mass media made monsters even of ordinary Americans and vice versa. Such situation was suppressing and largely created artificially. It was a time of substitute wars that destroyed lives on both continents .People are still getting through the effects of so-called Cold War which, according to The United States Departments expression, was a global competition of two ideologies of The Free world and Communistic

Financial Reporting Standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Financial Reporting Standards - Essay ExampleThere has been progress towards the development of single, globally accepted accounting standards. The goal is however still to be realized. The United States is currently working towards the convergence of Generally Accepted story Principles with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).Crucial convergence projects from the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the U.S Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) have continued to produce good results in an effort to converge the two Accounting and Financial reporting standards. This process of dissecting and eliminating the possible difference between that may the two standards is however costly and consumes a lot of time. The alignment of the underlying principles and the overall methodologies is an effective approach. A satisfying difference continues to arise though the underlying principles and the overall methodology regarding these standards are harmoniz ed. As the FASB and the IASB continues on their convergence work, the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) continues to make significant progress aimed at increasing the acceptance of the IFRSs and abolishing the US GAAPs .Also, PWC has helped companies to successfully understand the IFRS. It has developed a clear IFRS conversion methodology which is aimed at providing lasting solutions (Vincent C. Ross and make for of Accounting 23).The Association of Chattered Certified Accountants (ACCA) argues that the convergence of US GAAP and IFRS is crucial because the harmonization of the two standards will help to raise the investors confidence around the arena .This is because the same accounting policies and procedures will be used world wide for same events.The harmonization is also believed to have a cost reduction invasion as far as individual companies are concerned .This is due to the high level of confidence in timely and reliable information. The harmonization is also essential for companies that have joint listings with America and other countries. The preparation costs thusly will be minimized. In addition, the convergent of the two standards will farm worldwide mobility of labor in that professional and in particular, the accountants will be eligible to work in other countries as the same reporting standards admit elsewhere. The IFRS framework states that the ultimate aim of financial statements is to give information in relation to an entity to users for decision-making. The users of the information in the financial statement include the consumers, employees, management, government, competitors, among other users.The assumptions underlying in the International Financial Reporting Standards are that the entity is a going concern one and that the entity uses the accrual accounting concept in preparing the financial statements boot out cash flow preparation. In accrual, concept revenues and expenses are recognized once they occur and not tha t cash is paid or gained. In going concern, the guild is deemed to continue in its operations even in the future neither does it have intentions to close down or curtail its operations. The company directors are thus bound to evaluate whether the going concern hypothesis is appropriate during the actual reporting of financial stat

Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Review - Essay ExampleAccording to the Basel system, IBs profited from the low capital weight conferred to them. This acted as a observation of relation safety therefore making it economical for banks to offer credit as counterparties to IBs. The role of regulatory oversight for investment banks aided maintain the woo of capital low while at the same time allowing more control. Forth coming strategies need to guarantee that equity and credit principles are not mixed up , and that the capital rules that apply to these risky businesses are targeted efficiently to them and the cost of leverage is sufficiently high to ensure their size and risk pickings activities are appropriately contained (Blundell-Wignall, Atkinson & Lee 2008, p 5-6). At the conference, some maintained that this arrangement might still not evade main systemic hitches in the future. This was because banks in the monitoring boundary would continue enjoying counter party relations with IBs and other big firms outside the fence thus dragging them backside to where they were before. The considerable risk opportunities that should be taken are not particular and so is the independence of the cost of capital. If banks are to enter into counter party birth with the high risk firms it should be done with very clear guidelines in some cases up to full cover in order to protect the banks creditworthiness. ... As a result, fewer transactions would be up to the internal rate of return requirements, and control and general risk will be proportionately small and so would the size and way of the monetary sector on the economy. However, it was observed that now it is too late to turn the hand of time and as such, the existing strategy in the crisis necessarily should pool the weaker and stronger institutions (Blundell-Wignall, Atkinson & Lee 2008, p 10-11). Another tactic is to work with non- operating holding troupe structures (NOHCs). It will split a financial company into its integral parts in which th ere exists distinct panels and stout firewalls among the subordinate parts. Capital laws can be designed to the riskiness of the actions of the companies, and in an occurrence of a crisis, any subsidiary making losses can easily be handled by administrators while not jeopardizing the whole corporation. To liquidate or sell a challenging IB securities trader can be done with much more ease. For instance, the IB can be a subordinate of the non-operating holding company structure (NOHC) other than an entity at the top most of the structure. In addition, the NOHC configuration is also much more transparent and in its case, it is less taxing to shrivel up intra-group contacts. It also offers clear and adaptable arrangement for scarcely defined, deposit-taking banking that is superior to having the bank at the top of the group or having the bank as the group itself as in the case of the universal banking in Europe. In other words, NOHCs would be much more stress-free to regulate. The key general point to note is that high-risk financial undertakings need to pay the accurate market charges of capital without biases caused by the rule and bank structure interface. For example,

650 questions 11 and 12 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

650 questions 11 and 12 - Assignment ExampleThis provision is made in the marketable bonds so as to attract the investors. If at any point of time the provisions regarding the make whole look to are ever invoked wherefore the bond toter is subject to a lump sum payment much earlier than anticipated. Thus investors are unremarkably made whole with the make whole call provision (Capital Advisors Group, Inc., 2004, p.1).The regular bonds of the company bears the interest payment which is usually absent in case of a zero coupon bonds. Again the bond holder of a zero coupon bond receives only the face value of the bond at its maturity. However the regular bondholder receives the coupon paid over the brio of the bonds along with the face value of the bond. Thus it is better to favour for the regular bond of the company as the distribution of interest of the bond may diversity as per the market condition but such a probability is not available in case of the zero coupon bond.Under the regular(prenominal) call option facilitates the issuer to gain advantage through the prepayments of debt with the decline in the market yields. In case of settlement the ordinary call option is usually less than the fair value of the debt. Contrarily, the make-whole call option is obtained through the discounting of the remaining contract of the debt at an appropriate treasury rate. Thus it is always better to opt for the make-whole call than an ordinary call as the advantage at the time of settlement is more for make-whole than ordinary shares.The company should not pursue international gross sales further because if the financial exposures of the company results in the interchange rate rising from $0.73/ to $0.80/ it may tend to be cause of dilemma for the company. With the rise in the exchange rate the cost of the product will also raise leading to the increase in the prices of the product. As per the law of demand, the rise in the prices of the product leads to decrement in its demand. Further

Astronomy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Astronomy - Assignment ExampleResearch has shown that Venus has no architectonic plates and this characteristic feature of Venus makes it quite different from Earth. In the absence of the tectonic plates, the internal heat accumulated in the mantle chooses a all in all different course of action than what happens in the case of the Earth. It causes the internal temperature of the Venus to rise to a certain level. Once that level is achieved, the accumulated heat tends to break-dance the Venuss surface and it undergoes a thorough renewal over a long period of time and the cycle continues. Erosion is solely a geological process and one reason why geological activities in the Mercury and the Earths moon have declined is their size that is too niggling to keep their interiors hot enough for a geological activity to continue. Smaller bodies, such as the Moon and Mercury, have cooled further and are not model to be presently active, but their features tell geologists of an active past. (www.lpi.usra.edu, 2010).Earth is the fifth-largest planet of all in the Solar system. Its large size and distance from the sunshine has contributed a lot toward the development of a unique atmosphere. The large size permits a lot of heat in the core to dwell that is ultimately released in the spend a penny of lava resulting in earthquakes, which in turn affect the atmosphere of Earth directly or indirectly. Earth is the third-distant planet from the Sun and comes after Mercury and Venus. Ozone layer is a very important part of the Earths atmosphere and provides it with protection against the ultraviolet (UV) rays emitted by the Sun. The Ozone layer is formed as a result of the Suns UV rays colliding with atomic number 8 molecules in the atmosphere which are broken down by the UV rays to form monoatomic Oxygen which combines with other Oxygen molecules to form the Ozone layer. Besides, the distance of a planet from the Sun influences the temperature on a planet. Earths distance fr om the Sun is long enough to

Fundamentals of Effective Communication in the Workplace Coursework

Fundamentals of Effective Communication in the Workplace - Coursework ExampleThis reason was earlier provided to the class by the lecturer. The teacher guardedly listened to my claim and then accepted his mistake and corrected my answer as well as increased my grade.Communication is state to be effective if the inwardness and the meaning that the sender of the message wants to provide to the receiver is similar to the meaning and the message that the receiver attains. Most important part of effective communication is the feedback that is accredited from the receiver of the message. If the message is understood by the receiver and his response is similar to the expected response of the sender, the message is said to have been communicated in an effective panache (Borkowski 72). In the above incident effective communication took place because the purpose for which I talked to my teacher of accepting that my answer was correct and then adjusting my grade effectively was attained. T he change of the grade by the instructor is the feedback that I expected and received from my instructor.Another reason due to which I perceive that my message was effectively communicated is that my instructor had allotted sincere effort and time to listen to me. In order for effective communication to take place it is essential that an individual listens to what is being said and then taking any action (Guffey 22). My instructor became a very good listener when I described him the problem and then only he took the corrective action.I even perceive that my communication was effective in nature because I selected the right medium for communicating my message. I could have utilise other ways such as writing a letter to the instructor or an email. But I choose to talk to him breast to face because without this medium I would not have been able to discuss the issue in detail (Guffey 107).The corrective measures that were taken by my teacher made me relish that the educational instit ute has an

Research Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Assignment - Research Paper ExampleA concluding portion would summarize points that were discussed and future thrusts for research on the subject.One of the most frequently researched topic focuses on leadership. The evolution of theories and concepts proposed and promulgated by various scholars and practitioners have undergone constant and continuous development until contemporary times. Aside from the traditional thrusts delving into leadership styles, characteristics or best practices in famous organizations, one of the controversial issues confounding leadership is the effect or influence of gender, among other demographic factors. Leadership concepts and contemporary theories rate the effect of gender in leadership in terms of according the benefits, prerogatives, and even challenges on equal terms. In this regard, the essay aims to proffer a reexamination of related literature on the topic of gender in leadership. Relevant research studies on the subject would be analyzed wh ere significant points would hereby be cited and highlighted to reveal diverse viewpoints on gender in leadership.According to the research study conducted by Gedney which is aimed to determine a relationship or link in the midst of gender and leadership effectiveness from her personal experience in the military, she initially provided crucial qualities identified from effective leaders. Her findings divulged that leadership effectiveness is not gender-specific, but at that place seem to be many attributes that are found in both males and females that lend themselves to becoming an effective leader (Gedney, 1999, p. 2). This fact was validated by Kelly, a Lieutenant Colonel of the U.S. Air Force, who averred that men and women operate in the work environment in somewhat different ways based upon genetic/biological differences, cultivation, converse styles and to some extent, the characteristics of the particular career field chosen (Kelly, 1997, p. 26).Since the

Emax electronics uae Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emax electronics uae - Essay ExampleThe product spectrum comprises of photography, IT, audio, mobiles, video, accessories, wellness and fitness, gaming, do-it-yourself, gifting, motor vehicle electronics and navigation, personal care, watches, musical instruments, home solutions, movable and MP3 players, telecom, kitchenware, videos and music, security solutions, home appliances, among many more (Holand and Beall 2012, p.30). This, together with competitive value and unparalleled service, makes Emax one area for every electronics needs. A widely used and explicable tool that helps a person to scrutinize the political, economic, socio-cultural, and technological shifts in a business environment is known as PEST Analysis. It aids in comprehending the powers of variation that a certain business may be exposed to, and thereafter take full advantage of the chances that these transformations present. Emax electronics uses PEST Analysis to adapt and understand its next business environm ent (Grasser and Meller 2009, p.7). Transformations in an environment for business can lead to significant opportunities for any organization and at the same time can pose significant threats. For instance, opportunities can emerge from latest technologies that aid in reaching fresh clients, from fresh financing streams that enable an individual to invest in transcendent equipment, as well as from departd policies of the government that result in new markets. On the other hand, threats can comprise of deregulation which exposes an individual to a shrinkage market intensified competition or increases in rates of interest which can create concerns if a business is burdened by heavy debt (Grasser and Meller 2009, p.8). Emax electronics has been back up by PEST Analysis to spot its business opportunities as well as being offered advanced warning of substantial threats. Emaxs direction of change within its business environment has been revealed by PEST Analysis. Consequently, it has been able to shape its electronic business so that it operates hand in hand with change, but not against it. Through the use of PEST Analysis Emax electronics has avoided commencing projects, which have a high likelihood of failing for reasons beyond its control. It has succeeded breaking free of almost unconscious assumptions when it gets into a new country, market, or region because, through PEST Analysis, it can develop an objective analysis of this fresh environment (Holand and Beall 2012, p.31). The major competitors of E max electronic are other emerging electronic suppliers such as Jumbo Electronics Dubai UAE, Sharaf dj, Emirates Electronics Industries, Abu Dhabi United Electronics, and Carefour. The main advantage that these competitors have over Emax electronics is the fact that they specialize in just a few electronic products. (Ward and Daniel 2012, p.16) With this specialization, their products tend to be deemed perfect by many customers. E max supplying a wide start of products is a setback for them as well as an opportunity of capturing all customers under one roof. It is natural not to be perfect hence heretofore customers will bring out this judgment while purchasing these products (Holand and Beall 2012, p.32). Emax electronics, being a supplier of a wide range of products, might at some point ignore other products and concentrate much on others. This gives

Significance Of Training And Development In Employee Retention Research Paper

Significance Of Training And Development In Employee Retention - Research Paper ExampleDevelopment of employee capacity can also include involvement of employees in developing organizational policies (Shields 2007). It promotes goal ownership among the employees and reduces overreliance on the management regarding the accomplishment of day to day tasks. Johnson (2001) observes, people usually desire to have liberty in their day to day activities, which is significant in encouraging them to remain in the organization. With such empowerment, democracy is established in the workplace whereby the employees visual modalitys atomic number 18 taken into consideration and integrated into to the organizations strategic plan. Employees are allowed to attend and contribute to significant meetings, which makes them feel desirable and appreciated and hence feel that they are part and parcel of the organization (Colling 1995).Career Development McConnell (2003) argues that provision of up-to- date training and development opportunities to employees enhances their value in the labor market and hence increased travel mobility. This positively affects their job security since they keep in mind that their skills are in line with the current demand for human resources within the organization. The employees security comes from the recognition that they remain equivalent with employees in other organizations. Competent employees view stagnation in a particular position as a potential contract of redundancy thus they stay in the organization where career development is guaranteed (Startups 2006).... The employees security comes from the realization that they remain equivalent with employees in other organizations. Competent employees view stagnation in a particular position as a potential cause of redundancy thus they stay in the organization where career development is guaranteed (Startups 2006). How Training and Development Increases Revenues and Productivity Empowerment S trategies for training and development empower employees to accomplish tasks effectively. The need to continuously acquire knowledge is important peculiarly for the constantly changing business environments (McConnell 2003). Schrader & Lawless (2004) observe that new technologies that require skilled workers can not be applied if an organization fails to train its employees. The choice is to hire skilled workers, which is a move that might be costly for the organization especially in the long run due to the constant scientific advancements and market changes. Capacity Building Workplace learning involves constant skills upgrading to help employees improve their consummateance. Coaching is among the workplace learning strategies that are focused on handsome the employees additional skills to improve their competence. For example, when new employees are engaged in a company, they usually possess some skills but have little experience in the organizational operations. Coaching them is necessary to improve their knowledge regarding the organization. It helps them to apply the skills acquired through studies in real practice (Colling 1995). The result is usually positive and the employees can perform better, thereby increasing productivity among the employees. Coaching motivates the weaker employees to perform better and also facilitates the

Into the Woods with Nathanial Hawthorne's Young Goodman Brown Essay

Into the Woods with Nathanial Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown - Essay ExampleThe material body trust fits the personality of Goodman Browns wife. With the perfection of her character, Faith symbolizes the inner strength of Goodman Brown, his devotion and loyalty. When Brown finally grasped the reality that he has lost his Faith he lays down his value system and accepts the nature that steers individuals to wickedness. Without his wife Faith, he witnesses the threatening backwoods surrounding him with its dreadful hums and noises. However, as the storyteller emphasizes, he was himself the heading horror of the scene, and shrank not from its other horrors (Hawthorne 1992, 30). Without Faith, he himself is the malevolence he has been attempting to oppose, and he grips the power, although fleetingly, and grants it control over his consciousness. Once in the woods, Brown witnessed all the wicked things that a devoted Puritan should not be witnessing, like the evil transformation of the supposedly good people in their community such as finesse Cloyse, Deacon Gookin, and even his wife Faith. Brown, in my opinion, takes such a nights journey to test his Faith, Belief, and Conviction.

Knowledge, Attitude and Breast Cancer Screening Practices in Ghana Essay Example for Free

Knowledge, Attitude and embrace malignant neoplastic disease Screening Practices in Ghana EssayINTRODUCTION disparager pubic lo practice in its simplest definition is the crabmeat of boob tissue. It is the most green nonskin crabmeat that affects women in the United States and the highest destiny rates of crabmeat deaths among women in low-resource countries (Anderson et al 2006). mischievousness of bureau pubic louse differs based on its experience aim of tissue invasion. Ductal carcinoma in situ is the most common non invading tit crab louse while infiltrating or invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common mammilla endurecer that accounts for to the highest degree 80% of invasive dumbbell crabmeat. titmouse lumps presentation is the comm unitary and only(a)st multifariousness of presentation regardless of the meet netcer type (ACS 2005).Epidemiologic factors be attri unlessed to dietary and environmental risk factors, although association of diet and embrace pubic louse had varied cores. Environmental risk factors involve the video to some(prenominal) toxic elements which accounts for the increased relative incidence of bosom pubic louse in Western countries. Alcohol intake is also considered to effect in the increase of the consider of cases in the US population. Age is also considered as cancer risk factor and can be attributed to hormonal change. Genetic variation and ethnicity are non out of scope for the investigation of breast cancer risk factors (Barton 2005).Diagnosis and Pathology of Breast cancer In 2002, Breast wellness world(a) Initiative (BHGI) together with panel of breast cancer experts and patient advocates develop a consensus of recommendations for the diagnosis of breast cancer in limited-resource countries (Shyyan 2006). Histopathologic diagnosis included fine-needle aspiration biopsy which was recognized as the least expensive, core needle biopsy and surgical biopsy and had a consensus of cho osing the method based on the availability of tools and expertise. They gave emphasis on the correlational statistics of histopathology, clinical and imaging findings. They hold on the need of histopathologic diagnosis before breast cancer intervention. In 2005, BHGI panel recommended an additional strategy of breast cancer man come alongment.They stratify diagnostic mathematical process and histopathology methods into basic, limited, raise, and maximalfrom lowest to highest resources. Basic level includes medical history of the patient, clinical breast interrogative, tissue diagnosis and medical record keeping. Limited level includes the increase resources that enable diagnostic imaging utilization such as ultrasound with or without mammography, tests that can evaluate metastasis, use of im fester-guided sampling and hormone receptor sampling. intensify level includes diagnostic mammography, bone scanning and an onsite cytologist. Maximal level includes mass concealment m ammography (Shyyan 2006).Treatment of Breast crab louse Treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy or combinations of these three manipulation modalities. According to American crabmeat Society (2005), treatment can be local or systemic. Local treatment of the tumor is make without affecting the rest of the body. Surgery and radiation are examples of this treatment. On the other hand, systemic treatment which includes chemotherapy, hormone therapy and immu nonherapy, is given up into the bloodstream or by let the cat out of the bag to reach the cancer cells that may gift sp claim the beyond the breast. Radiotherapy is a treatment of breast cancer with high-energy rays to help shrink the cancer cells. It can be given outside of the body (external radiation) or can be placed directly into the tumor as radioactive materials (ACS 2005). It may be given external to the body. Radiotherapy requires safe and in force(p) application requiring appropriate facilities, sta ff and equipment. Radiotherapy should be applied without delay, should be accessible to all but without prolongation of the overall treatment era exposure. It is part of an integral part of breast-conserving treatment. It is required in some all women with the breast cancer, and thitherfore should be for sale (Bese 2006).Chemotherapy is the use of anticancer drugs that are administered through injection in the vein or taken orally as a pill. It may be given before breast cancer surgery to reduce the size of the tumor or may be given by and by the surgery to reduce the misfortune of recurrence (ACS 2005).This treatment is through with(p) in cycle the most common of which is 3-6 months. nigh common side make of these drugs usually stop once the treatment is over such as in hair falling. Some of drugs used as chemotherapy are tamoxifen, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil doxorubicin, epirubicin, taxane and aromatase . These are usually prescribed in combination, and treatment is done with adjuvant therapy such as radiotherapy and pre- and post operation ( Eniu 2006). Surgical management in breast cancer is real common. This is done to bear a focal point as much as the cancer as possible and to find out whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm. Surgery can also restore the air of the breast and relieve the symptoms of advanced cancer. ACS (2005) released some of the common surgical procedures in breast cancer. These are lumpectomy, partial or segmental mastectomy, simple or summate mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy and radical mastectomy.RESULTS Breast cancer patients in Ghana. The present chew over which included women with mean age population of 48 years revealed an almost consistent perception with regards to breast cancer. They were certified that breast cancer is highly increasing in their place but not informed of the cause of disease. both of the responders were not aware of family breast cancer history except one. Information about breast cancer was acquired through television and radio programs. Only after consultation with doctors callable to lumps or pains in their breast and some due to liquid coming out of their breast, that they were informed that they film breast cancer. Most of them underwent breast tissue exam for confirmation of the disease.Afterwards, they were advised to undergo surgery with medical treatment. The responders were ignorant of the breast cancer natural covering and prevention. In fact, out of 10 responders, only 2 (20%) of them were aware of breast ego examination and clinical breast examination and admitted that they occasionally practice BSE. None of the responders knew about mammogram except for one (10%) of them who has heard of it but never had tried one. The feeling towards the knowledge of acquiring the disease was also the same the feeling of being a burden in the family was common.They were afraid to face the reality but have realized that they have to fight the disease through the encouragement and support of family members and help of medical professionals. The judge population was aware of the herbalist and faith healers but they did not yield themselves into that kind of treatment because herbalist have not proven cure for breast cancer. The most common complaint of the responders was the high cost of therapies, hospitalization and doctor fees.The treatment cost seethed to 250,000-24 million except to one of them who received a free treatment for being enrolled to a clinical trial. Sentiments of the participants were the same. Delay of treatment was attributed to their distant place from the health clinics some facilities like x-ray were not functional in the clinics and high cost of treatment. These people asked for the betterment of breast cancer management through education public exposure to the conjunction by health deal providers and a help from the government to provide financial support to those w ho cannot afford to submit themselves for treatment.Patients in breast cancer clinic. In this part of the conceive, women with mean age of 42 years who were in breast cancer clinic were included. Most common medical complaint was lump and pain in the breast while others submit themselves for screening because they have just heard it from the radio/TV. The study revealed that women who were attending the clinic were not in reality informed of the cause breast cancer but aware of its increasing rate of mortality. Misconception about the cause of breast cancer such as exposure to coins was not common but did not exclude the form of trauma due to manipulation of the breast. Others correlate breast cancer with smoking and fetching alcoholic beverages.They were not aware of their family history of breast cancer. Information regarding breast cancer was acquired through television and radio programs and others were through their friends and family members. Most of the respondents believe d that early detection and prompt treatment of the disease can prevent the unfavorable expiry of breast cancer such as removal of their breast or the worst would be cancer death.Only one out of 10 participants (10%) actually practice breast self examination (BSE). Most of them were informed of BSE but not actually practicing it. They were also aware of healers and herbalist but they did not believe that they can cure breast cancer but did not disagree of the possibility that herbalist and healers could treat other diseases or illnesses like hypertension.The participants suggested that it would be better if the government would provide or establish more health carry on clinics for breast cancer screening and provide free screening programs especially to those who cannot afford to pay for high cost of treatment of the disease and for an open-easy access to all especially to those in rural knowledge bases. One of the participants suggested that doctors should study further about the treatment of breast cancer instead of resorting to breast surgery.Healers involved in breast cancer management. M both of the population of Ghana are tranquillise patronising healers and herbalist as a resort of treatment. Two healers from Ghana were interviewed regarding their management of breast cancer. The healers have been into this practice for about 20-50 years. According to them, breast cancer is very common in Ghana and they are aware of the increasing incidence of the disease. They described breast cancer as an obosam disease and the other was a metaphysical disease. Healers believed that their ability to cure the disease inherited from their forefathers who taught them how to prepare herbs and provide them with dwarfs.They believed that doctors have no right treatment towards breast cancer because according to them they just remove the breasts of women and subsequently die. According to the healers they do not promote breast examinations to their patients because thes e are useless and cannot stop women from getting the disease. Despite the big machines available in the hospitals, women with breast cancer still die, according to them.Healers charge their patients with as much as 200,000-1(15-60) million depending on the patients condition. The healers admitted that there were cases of recurrence of the disease due to lost to embrace up and missed spiritual sessions. Healers do not refer patients to hospitals rather, they encourage hospital doctors to refer their patients to healers because they are more capable of treating breast cancer.Breast cancer consultants. aesculapian health professionals play a significant role in the cognizance of breast cancer. They have the power to influence their patients toward right management of the disease. In the present study, surgeon/breast cancer consultants were interviewed. Consultants as expected were aware of the increasing incidence of breast cancer but they cannot give an exact hear due to absence o f cancer registry in the place however they were able to attend to 200-300 new cases of breast cancer annually with age range starting from 20 years and in a higher place. They revealed that women in Ghana associate breast cancer to death because after undergoing breast caner surgery they usually die.People in Ghana link medical intervention and death which made the women in this place afraid of the disease and lead them to negative attitude towards the disease. Consultants believed that there were several misconceptions about the disease. They were also aware that healers and herbalist delay the presentation of patients to hospital which accounted for the late stage of diagnosis. National Screening Program would service the people in Ghana for early detection of breast cancer and prompt treatment, however, they did not deny the fact it would be difficult to establish such program due to lack of funds by the government at present time. Consultants were aware of the limited resourc es of the needed for the implementation of the program.They believe that it is much easier and feasible to educate the women on simple screening methods such as regular breast self examination and encourage practitioners to take advantage of examining the breasts of their patients. There are also NGOs who are engaged in some activities like providing health care assistance. Consultants revealed that they receive referrals from district regions and from private practitioners. All patients with breast cancer are candidates for surgery. There are just some procedures that lead to untoward incident which cause the people to blame the doctors. According to consultants, one big problem that they encounter is the delay of the result of tissue exam from the pathologists which sometimes lead them to acquire the high cost of private laboratory. According to consultants the 5-year survival rate in Ghan is 25% which is disappointing.According to radioscopy consultant, patients present themselve s to treatment once they are already in advanced stage, most at stage 3 and 4. They revealed the common factors that influence the delay of treatment among Ghana women. Most of the patients were scared of the procedure of breast cancer treatment like in breast surgery which have many another(prenominal) social and jointure implications.The high cost of the procedure hinders the patient to go to the doctors. Consultants revealed that surgical procedure may cost 2-3million ( 150-200), radiotherapy is about 3-4 million ( 200-300) and chemotherapy is around 6 million (400). Although surgical treatment cost is covered in National Health Insurance, the cost of radiotherapy and chemotherapy are excluded. Mammography which is an effective tool in breast cancer screening costs 400,000 (30) in private health institution and around 250,000 (20).DISCUSSION WITH REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES The present study aimed to increase the awareness of the women in Ghana to breast cancer and the benef its that can be gained from breast cancer screening. The knowledge, attitude, deportment and practices of the women regarding early detection of breast cancer were analyzed. The ultimate aim of the study was to reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer. The study revealed that there were still misconceptions about breast cancer despite the information gathered from televisions and radio programs. attendance of Ghanaian women in breast clinic did not mean that they were informed of the nature of their disease. Only few of them were also aware of preventive procedure in catching breast cancer. Local healers and spiritualists also delayed the presentation of the patients to the hospital which contributed to the late diagnosis of the disease. Difference in the disease management of health professionals can be attributed to the location of practice and availability of resources.Several factors thought to affect the breast cancer screening program were the poor education of the Ghanai an towards prevention awareness against breast cancer lack of initiative of the people to spread the knowledge of breast cancer screening such as simple breast self examination and clinical breast examination the inaccessibility of the of primary health care and the organizers the unavailability of the appropriate screening tools like x-ray and mammography in the community and its high cost and the lack of support from the government.The following review of cogitate literatures will help in the intelligence of breast cancer and breast cancer screening.Because of the continuous increasing preponderance of breast cancer and high cost of treatment, breast cancer screening remains the most cost effective way of cancer management (Parkin and Fernandez 2006).Most of the world faces resource constraints that hinder the capacity to improve early detection, prompt diagnosis and sufficient treatment of the breast cancer. either country finds its way to develop evidenced based, economically feasible and culturally appropriate guidelines that can be utilized by countries of limited health care resources to improve breast cancer outcomes (Anderson 2006).Adaptive strategies should be applied to ease the growing burden of breast cancer. In 2005, according to Smith and his colleagues (2006), the Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) held its second summit in Bethesda, MD with the intention of reaffirming the principle of requiring all women of all resource levels to support in seeking health care and assuring the access to affordable and appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment intervention against breast cancer. They recommended breast health awareness to all women including the basic resources. They enhanced the basic facilities for effective training of relevant staff in clinical breast examination (CBE) or breast self examination and even the feasibleness of mammography.magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic resonance imaging is one of the breast cancer screening proce dures. It has been increasingly used as tool for early diagnosis of breast cancer. This screening tool has shown to detect cancers even they are small and potentially proven to be more curable than mammography alone.However, MRI is more costly than mammography and can lead to unnecessary breast biopsies, thus causing anxiety and discomfort to patient. On the other hand, a query study about the cost-effectiveness of breast MRI screening by cancer risk where they included the cancer detection ability of MRI, characteristics of women with dense breast tissue and women with high inherited breast cancer risk, revealed mortality reduction and cost effectiveness of breast MRI screening added to mammography in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (Kurian 2006). The hallmark of morality and morbidity of breast cancer can be attributed to the late presentation of the patients at an advanced stage of breast cancer. It is when there is no or little benefit that can be derived from any treatment m odality. In a study conducted by Okobia and colleagues (2006), the knowledge, attitude and practice of community dwellers of Nigeria towards breast cancer were analyzed.They recruited urban-dwelling women with conducted an interviewer-administered questionnaires to elicit sociodemographic information regarding knowledge, attitude and practice towards breast cancer. It was prepare out that the participants had poor knowledge of breast cancer. Only 214 out of 1000 participants knew that breast cancer is presented initially with breast lumps. Breast cancer examination practices were low. Only 432 participants were able carry out breast self examination while only 91 participants had clinical breast examination. This study revealed that participants with higher level of education were significantly more knowledgeable about breast cancer.Ethnicity or race- related to culture and beliefs are factors that affect the increase in prevalence of breast cancer mortality. Paterniti (2006) inve stigated how ethnically diverse women who are eligible for tamoxifen prophylaxis because of their breast cancer risk decide about tamoxifen use for risk reduction. Prior to the study, there was discussion of the benefits and risks of tamoxifen as prophylaxis.The study which included African-American, White, and Latina women, of 6178 years, revealed that fear of breast cancer was not prominent and they were not inclined to take tamoxifen as preventive therapy after receiving the information. Participants showed limited unwillingness to take the medication with potential adverse effects. This study revealed that women felt that they had other options other than taking the risk of tamoxifen to reduce their risk of breast cancer, including early detection, diet, faith and other alternative therapies. Graham (2002) conducted a research about the relationship amid beliefs and practice of breast self examination (BSE in a black women population of 20-49 years of age. It was found out that health beliefs were much stronger in ascertain BSE performance for a given individual than were demographic characteristics. Breast self examination was related to increased perceived seriousness of breast cancer, benefit of the procedure and health motivation and was noted to have inverse relationship with perceived barriers.A related study was narrationed by Mitchell and colleagues (2002), about the effects of religious beliefs with other variables on breast cancer screening and the intended presentation of self-discovered breast lump. This study included women aging 40 years and above and were interviewed in their homes. Most of the interviewees believed that doctors cure breast cancer with Gods intervention which was labeled as religious intervention with treatment. This dimension was found out to be correlated with self-reported mammography but no clinical breast examination or intention to delay presentation of self-discovered breast lump.Minority of them believed treatment of breast cancer was unnecessary because only God could cure the disease which was labeled as religious intervention in place of treatment, and was significantly more common among African-American women who are less educated and older. This was correlated with the strong intention of delaying the presentation of self-discovered breast lump. It was concluded that religious intervention in place of treatment contributes significantly the delay presentation of breast cancer among African-American that contribute largely to the advanced-stage cancer diagnosis.The cause of breast cancer is still unclear. Adjei (2006) who grew up in Ghan and had some work about breast cancer. In his letter, he revealed his sentiments about the genetic residuums in breast cancer. He had been aware of the incidence of breast cancer in Ghana since 1974 to 1999.He noted that the peak incidence of breast cancer in Ghana is in younger women with age range of 40-45 years while in United States and Caucasians, the peak incidence is in older age groups. Adjei (2006) pointed out that women of different places and environments, with different diets have quasi(prenominal) epidemiology of breast cancer. In an argument which revealed number of breast cancer in African-Americans but rare in native African has been used to suggest that ethnicity is one factor of acquiring the disease, however, according to Adjei (2006), this information is leading because cancer has not been well-studied in Africa.Researchers are still finding their ways to fully disclose the correlation of genetic signature in breast tumors that are presently noted to be a powerful predictor of cancer spread and cancer death. In a limited study conducted by Kolata (2002), she included few patients who are relatively. As she stated in her report, scientists said that the activity of a collection of 70 genes appear to predict cancer mortality better than traditional measures like tumor size, cancer stage or lymph node spread to t he axilla of women. She revealed in her study that 5.5% of women with good genetic signature died within the next decade while 45% of women are those of with bad genetic signatures.Adherence to the treatment viands of breast cancer plays a big role in the improvement of disease outcome. There are no much literature about the factors associated to the behavior that influence the patient to delay or cause an incomplete adherence to the recommended follow up in patients with breast cancer. In a study conducted by Kaplan (2006), race/ethnicity, country of birth, financial issues fear of pain and difficulty of communicating with the healthcare providers are the barriers to seek follow up consultationBreast pubic louse Screening There was decline in breast cancer mortality rate of 0.9% in African American women while 2.1% was the decline in breast cancer mortality rate in non-Hispanic White women (Stewart et al 2004 as stated by Settersten , Dopp, and Tjoe, (2005). On the contrary, De K oning (2000), questioned in his study the cost effectiveness of breast cancer screening. His idea came out when he analyzed his expectations of the reduction of breast cancer mortality after breast cancer screening. He stated in his study that the Dutch program of 2-yearly screening for women aged 50-70 would produce a 16% reduction in the total population.As stated in his research paper, the actual benefit that can be achieved from breast cancer screening programs is overstated. According to him breast cancer screening need to be carefully equilibrate against the burden to women and health care system. De Koning (2000) stated that effects of breast cancer screening program depend on many factors such as epidemiology of the disease, the health care system, costs of health care, quality of the screening program and the attendance rate.Groot, M. T. et al (2006) estimated the costs and health effects of breast cancer interventions in epidemiologically different regions of Africa, nor thwestern America and Asia. They developed a mathematical simulation model of breast cancer using the different stages of cancer, its distribution and case fatality rates in the absence and presence of treatment as predictors of survival. The study resulted to a conclusion that untreated patients were the most sensitive to case fatality rates. This study suggest that treating breast cancer at stage 1 and introduction of an extensive breast cancer program are the most cost effective breast cancer interventions. This study is supported by the research done by Aylin and colleagues (2005). They recruited women at the mammography clinic to evaluate the knowledge about breast cancer and mammography as breast cancer screening procedure. The striking result of this study is that most of the participants (95.3% of the total participants) were aware that women should have mammography screening periodically. They were informed of the fact that breast cancer screening such as mammography could help in the early detection of breast cancer. However, less than 50% of them admitted that they had never had mammography screening.Majority of the respondents (71.1%) were practicing breast self-examination. other related study was conducted by Dundar and colleagues (2006), since breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Turkey , they determined the t the knowledge and attitudes of women in a rural area in western Turkey about breast self examination and mammography.They recruited women with age ranging from 20-64 years. Although majority of the participants have heard or read about breast cancer only 56.1% of them had sufficient knowledge about breast cancer and some admitted that they acquired the information from their health care professionals. Those with information of woman chaser cancer were also those who practice breast self examination. This study revealed that health care professionals play a big role in information dissemination about breast cancer .Table 1. Recommendations for routine mammographic screening in North American women aged 40 years or older who are at average risk for breast cancer*Group (date of recommendations)Frequency of screening (yr)Included ages (yr)40-4950-6970Government-sponsored and private groupsUS Preventive Services Task withdraw (2002)**1-2YesYesYes***Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health cautiousness (1998, 1999, 2001)1-2NoYesNoNational Institutes of Health consensus conference (1997)No+American Cancer Society (1997)1YesYesYesNational Cancer Institute (2002)1-2YesYesYesMedical societiesAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2000)1-2 if aged 40-49 yr1 if aged 50 yrYesYesYesAmerican Medical Association (1999)1YesYesYesAmerican College of Radiology (1998)1YesYesYesAmerican College of Preventive Medicine (1996)1-2NoYesYesAmerican Academy of Family Physicians (2001)1-2No+YesNoAmerican geriatrics Society (1999)1-2Yes***Advocacy groupsNational Breast Cancer Coalition (2000)No+NoNationa l Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations (2002)1YesYesYesSusan B. Komen Foundation (2002)1YesYesYesThe above table was taken from the study conducted by Barton (2005)There are several ways presented and studied for breast cancer screening. Its concern is to reduce the prevalence of cancer mortality and to improve the quality of life as a result of early detection, however, there are still people that are not aware of breast cancer screeningIn response to increase the worldwide awareness of breast cancer, breast cancer advocacy movement has been analyzing the common experiences of women with breast cancer around the world especially those with limited resources. They found out that although there are language barriers, sentiments were consistent across cultures cancer survivors have the same experiences and fears. The beliefs and taboos about breast cancer hinder the awareness programs and treatment. There are also limited resources for public education and awareness. Difficulty in go throughing and translating the concept of the disease into English also hinders them in the public awareness of breast cancer (Errico and Rowden 2006).In accordance with this, sociological review of the barriers experienced by the women from different traditional cultures is essential not just to image patterns of late breast cancer diagnosis but also the importance of interventions and programs. This is necessary for them to understand the preventive health care, specifically in breast cancer. This is because many are still ignorant of the breast cancer. According to Remennick (2006), health care providers and policymakers should try to understand and influence women especially those who are cancer risk to be aware of the disease to detect and treat breast cancer early. There are many structural barriers that hinder women especially those living in rural areas.Socioeconomic factors include poor health insurance, distance to medical facilities and inability to take time off wor k. Organizational barriers include difficulty in navigating complex health care systems and interacting with medical staff. Psychological and sociocultural barriers are poor health motivation, demurral of personal risk, fatalism mistrust of cancer treatments and fear of becoming a burden on the family members.Still in other cultural behavior, especially in Muslims, women are strongly controlled by men and therefore may prohibit women in breast cancer screening. Remennick (2006) includes in his study the different approaches that lower the mentioned barriers, including implementation of shake up the educational programs that would enlighten people regarding cancer myths and fallacies. He suggests that health care professional must outreach to their co ethnics.Primary health care providers play a critical role in determining the compliance with treatment and preventive practices through direct recommendations to their patients. Family physicians and general internists showed that 70 % of women who received a provider referral accurate a screening mammography within one year versus only 18% of self-referred women (Grady et al 1997 as stated by Santora 2003). However, Over 90% of rural women report that a doctors recommendation to have breast cancer screening is important (Sparks et al 1996 as stated by Santora 2003).It should be noted that clinician compliance is contributed by several factors such as relation with provider, guideline of the treatment, patients behavior and environmental factors. Several studies have been conducted to report the differences of health services in rural, urban and suburban areas with regards to their health care services in the family practice clinics. It has been pointed out that lower utilization has been a significant factor. Those rural health practitioners have less access to health care services. In a study done by Pol and his colleagues (2001), suggested that rural health services do not lag for patients with access after revealing that 9 out of 16 services examined were as high or higher in rural areas.Another study to examine the variations in breast cancer screening among primary care clinicians by geographic location of clinical practice was done by Santora (2003). Physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants were included in the study and were classified into urban, rural and suburban categories based upon practice location. The study revealed that although there was no significant difference in the practice location, there was evident variation in the practice of breast screening.It was reported that urban and suburban health practitioners were less compliant with the use of breast cancer guidelines as compared to clinicians in rural areas. Primary care clinicians, including physicians, nurse practitioners and physicians assistants lack a consistent. This study revealed that geographical location is not the main factor of inconsistent medical approach to breast cancer screening. Alt hough the difference in the approaches to the procedure is uncertain in this study.A related study about General Practitioners (GPs) knowledge, beliefs and attitudes toward breast screening, and their association with practice based-organizations of breast cancer screening, was conducted by Bekker, Morrisona and Marteau (1999). 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